Ramadan (Ramzan)- FASTING


What is Ramadan (Ramzan)

This is the fourth fundamental principle of Islam. Ramadan is the Ninth month of the Islamic calendar which begins with the sighting of the new moon. Ramadan is a special month of the year for 1.6 billion Muslims globally, which is widely respected. This month is a kind of tuning for the spiritual lives.The Fasting has many special benefits. During the daylight hours of fasting, strength is gained to one's spiritual nature, which becomes a means of coming closer to Allah.


Quran Verses about Ramadan & Fasting



Surah No.2 Al Baqr ,Ayats No. 183 to 184
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ
o لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ
أَيَّامًا مَّعْدُودَاتٍ فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ وَعَلَى

الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ فَمَن تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّهُ وَأَن تَصُومُواْ

o خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Translation :

O believers ! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may learn self control ; Fasting for a certain number of days; But for those who are sick , or on a journey, you may fast later for same number of days; and for those who can do it (but do not fast) there is a ransom: they can feed a poor man (for one fast) - but whatever he does good ,is better for him: and that if you fast then it is better for you, if you knew -

Surah No.2 , Al Baqr , Ayat No.185

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِيَ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِّنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ اللّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلاَ يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُواْ الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُواْ اللّهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

Translation :

The month of Ramadan in which We have sent down Holy Quran , a guidance for mankind, exhibit clear proofs of the guidance, which shows path of right and wrong. And whosoever finds this month, let him fast for the whole month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast for the same) number of other days. Allah Desires for you ease; He does not put you to hardship ; and He desires you to fast for the month , and that you should magnify Allah for having guided you, and that you may be thankful to Him.

Comments :

Earlier, the Prophet (saws) had asked the companions to fast for three days only. The guideline for Ramadan came in 2 AH ,thereafter fasting for one complete month was prescribed. It was relaxed for sick persons( pregnant women, suckling women and for old persons who did not have strength for fasting ) and travelers, but everyone of them were asked to do it on other days when they are able to do it.
In the start there was a relaxation for those who have strength to do it but do not fast, they can feed a poor man per fast (Quran 2: 184 ).
Later on this was modified and the relaxation was withdrawn by Allah : (Quran 2:185 )
Who can Fast in Ramadan?
Fasting in Ramadan is obligatory on all the adults.The people who are exempted from the fast are sick people , travelers ,pregnant women ,suckling mothers, the women during menses and old people but they must make it up when they are able.
Hadis :
Narrated `A'ishah (ra) said: "When we would have our periods during the lifetime of the Prophet (saws), we were ordered to make up for the days of fasting that we had missed"
(Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
 
 

FIDYA (COMPENSATION) 

Any person who cannot fast because of old age or some serious illness, for which there is no cure, should give Fidya for every Fast that they have missed.  The amount that should be given as Fidya is as follows : 
1 One kg and 700 g of wheat or its value.
2 Two meals or its value. 
 Fidya should be offered in Ramadan and not before that.


Any one of these two should be given to a poor person. Please note that the amounts stated above is per Fast. So if a person has missed 30 Fasts, then any one of the above provision that a person wishes to give, should be multiplied by 30! 

 

How and What to do during fasts and what are prohibitions
The daily period of fasting starts at the breaking of dawn and ends at the setting of the sun. One should have a pre fast meal before breaking of dawn which is known as Sahri. The fast ends at sunset when one should have post fast meal called as Iftar.
  • The fasting person must spend his day with intensive worship .
  • Reciting Salat (Namaz) Five times at prescribed time.
  • Reciting Nafil Salats like Tahajjud , Ishraq , Chasht and Awwabeen
  • Reading of the Quran
  • Reciting Salate Tarawih after Salate Isha but before Witr ( which is in other words a worship in the night of Ramzan )
  • During the month giving charity (Zakat and Fidya), purifying one's behavior, and doing good deeds should be done.
  • During fast one must abstain from food, drink, smoking, sex , avoid telling lies, avoid anger and quarelling the other people.
  • Must involve oneself in remebrance of Allah ( Zikr)
  • Must avoid quarrel ( arguments)
  • The tongue must be kept free from backbiting and gossip. The control on eyes must be excercised for looking at unlawful things. The hand must not touch or take anything that does not belong to it. The ears must not listen to idle talk or abusing words. The feet must refrain from going to sinful places. In such a way, every part of the body observes the fast.
Therefore, fasting is not merely physical, but is rather the total commitment and submission to the will of Allah. As a secondary goal, fasting is a way of experiencing hunger and developing sympathy for the poor, and paying thankfulness for all the Allah's bounties. Fasting is also beneficial to health and provides a break in the cycle of rigid habits of overeating.
Surah No.2,Al Baqr ,Ayat No.187

أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَآئِكُمْ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَّهُنَّ عَلِمَ اللّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ تَخْتانُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنكُمْ فَالآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُواْ مَا كَتَبَ اللّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُواْ وَاشْرَبُواْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّواْ الصِّيَامَ إِلَى الَّليْلِ وَلاَ تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ فَلاَ تَقْرَبُوهَا كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللّهُ آيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ

Translation :

You are permitted to go to your wives on the night of the fast. They are garments for you and you are garments for them. Allah is Aware what you used to do secretly among yourselves ; He has turned toward you and pardoned you. So hold intercourse with them and seek what Allah has permitted you .

Eat and drink until the white thread becomes visible to you from the dark thread of the night ( subah Sadiq). Then strictly observe the fast till night appears(until sun set ) . Do not touch them (Your Wives) when you are confined to the mosques ( Etekaaf during last ten days of Ramadan ). These are the limits set by Allah, so do not approach them ( your Wives) . Thus Allah make clear His signs to men ; that they may learn restraint (Sabr) .

 

Praying at Night in Ramadaan (Taraweeh)

 

Volume 3, Book 32, Number 226: of Bukhari Sharif 

                               

Narrated Abu Huraira:

 

I heard Allah's Apostle saying regarding Ramadan, "Whoever prayed at night in it (the month of Ramadan) out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven."

 

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Volume 3, Book 32, Number 227: of Bukhari Sharif 

                               

 

Narrated Abu Huraira (ra):

 

Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever prayed at night the whole month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven." Ibn Shihab (a sub-narrator) said, "Allah's Apostle died and the people continued observing that (i.e. Nawafil offered individually, not in congregation), and it remained as it was during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr and in the early days of 'Umar's Caliphate." 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Abdul Qari said, "I went out in the company of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, 'Umar said, 'In my opinion I would better collect these (people) under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!)'. So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind Ubai bin Ka'b. Then on another night I went again in his company and the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, 'Umar remarked, 'What an excellent Bid'a (i.e. innovation in religion) this is; but the prayer which they do not perform, but sleep at its time is better than the one they are offering.' He meant the prayer in the last part of the night. (In those days) people used to pray in the early part of the night."

 

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Volume 3, Book 32, Number 228: of Bukhari Sharif

Narrated 'Aisha:

 

(the wife of the Prophet) Allah's Apostle used to pray (at night) in Ramadan.

 

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Volume 3, Book 32, Number 229: of Bukhari Sharif 

                               

Narrated 'Urwa:

 

That he was informed by 'Aisha, "Allah's Apostle went out in the middle of the night and prayed in the mosque and some men prayed behind him. In the morning, the people spoke about it and then a large number of them gathered and prayed behind him (on the second night). In the next morning the people again talked about it and on the third night the mosque was full with a large number of people. Allah's Apostle came out and the people prayed behind him. On the fourth night the Mosque was overwhelmed with people and could not accommodate them, but the Prophet came out (only) for the morning prayer. When the morning prayer was finished he recited Tashah-hud and (addressing the people) said, "Amma ba'du, your presence was not hidden from me but I was afraid lest the night prayer (Qiyam) should be enjoined on you and you might not be able to carry it on." So, Allah's Apostle died and the situation remained like that (i.e. people prayed individually). "

 

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Volume 3, Book 32, Number 230: of Bukhari Sharif 

                               

Narrated Abu Salama bin 'Abdur Rahman:

 

that he asked 'Aisha "How was the prayer of Allah's Apostle in Ramadan?" She replied, "He did not pray more than eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in any other month. He used to pray four Rakat ---- let alone their beauty and length----and then he would pray four ----let alone their beauty and length ----and then he would pray three Rakat (Witr)." She added, "I asked, 'O Allah's Apostle! Do you sleep before praying the Witr?' He replied, 'O 'Aisha! My eyes sleep but my heart does not sleep."

 

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Book 004, Number 1662: Muslim Sharif

 

 Abu Huraira (ra) reported Allah's Messenger (saws) as saying: He who observed prayer at night during Ramadan, because of faith and seeking his reward from Allah, his previous sins would be forgiven.

 

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Book 004, Number 1663: Muslim Sharif 

 

Abu Huraira (ra) reported: The Messenger of Allah (saws) used to exhort (his Companions) to pray (at night) during Ramadan without commanding them to observe it as an obligatory act, and say: He who observed the night prayer in Ramadan because of faith and seeking his reward (from Allah), all his previous sins would be forgiven. When Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) died, this was the practice, and it continued thus during Abu Bakr's caliphate and the early part of 'Umar's caliphate.

 

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Book 004, Number 1666: Muslim Sharif 

 

 

'A'isha (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saws) prayed one night in the mosque and people also prayed along with him. He then prayed on the following night and there were many persons. Then on the third or fourth night (many people) gathered there, but the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) did not come out to them (for leading the Tarawih prayer). When it was morning he said: I saw what you were doing, but I desisted to come to you (and lead the prayer) for I feared that this prayer might become obligatory for you. (He the narrator) said: It was the month of Ramadan.

 

 

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 Book 004, Number 1667: Muslim Sharif 

 

 'A'isha (ra) reported: The Messenger of Allah (saws) came out during the night and observed prayer in the mosque and some of the people prayed along with him. When it was morning the people talked about this and so a large number of people gathered there. The Messenger of Allah (saws) went out for the second night, and they (the people) prayed along with him. When it was morning the people began to talk about it. So the mosque thronged with people on the third night. He (the Holy Prophet) came out and they prayed along with him. When it was the fourth night, the mosque was filled to its utmost capacity but the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) did not come out. Some persons among then cried:" Prayer." But the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) did not come to them till he came out for the morning prayer. When he had completed the morning prayer, he turned his face to the people and recited Tashahhud (I bear testi- mony that there is no god but Allah and I bear testimony that Mohammad (saws) is His Messenger and then said : Your affair was not hidden from me in the night, but I was affraid that might make the night prayer obligatory for you and you might be unable to perform it.

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'Prayer in Ramadan' from Hadis Book of Malik's Muwatta.

 6.1.1

 A'isha, (ra ) narrated  that the Messenger of Allah (saws),  prayed in the mosque one night and people prayed behind him. Then he prayed the next night and there were more people. Then they gathered on the third or fourth night and the Messenger of Allah (saws),  did not come out to them. In the morning, he said, "I saw what you were doing and the only thing that prevented me from coming out to you was that I feared that it would become obligatory (farz) for you." This happened in Ramadan. 

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  6.2.3

  Malik related to me from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abd al-Qari said, "I went out with Umar ibn alKhattab in Ramadan to the mosque and the people there were spread out in groups. Some men were praying by themselves, whilst others were praying in small groups. Umar said, 'By Allah! It would be better in my opinion if these people gathered behind one reciter.' So he gathered them behind Ubayy ibn Kab. Then I went out with him another night and the people were praying behind their Qur'an reciter. Umar said, 'How excellent this new way is, but what you miss while you are asleep is better than what you watch in prayer.' He meant the end of the night, and people used to watch the beginning of the night in prayer." 

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Comments :

The above Ahadis clearly show that Qiyam is a part of Ramadan and when Tarawih is recited, it will naturally be a part of it . Whoever volunteers in these prayers, will get the reward Insha'Allah. It is therefore very important that one should not enter any kind of controversy regarding reciting the Tarawih salat and its total number of rakaats. One should keep in mind that we have to perform worship in the night of the month of Ramzan to obey the Prophet and to seek forgiveness and blessings from Allah.

It is therefore very clear that regardless of number of Rakats, it is important that we recite the salat with firm belief in Allah and due respect to the month of Ramzan. May Allah forgive us .

 
 
Shab-e-Qadr or lailatul Qadr ( The Night of Power)



Surah No. 97 , Al Qadr , Ayats No.1 to 5



oوَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ o إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِالْقَدْرِ

o لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِخَيْرٌ مِّنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ

oتَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَابِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ

o سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ



Translation :



We have indeed revealed this ( Quran ) in the Night of Power (Night of Al Qadr ): And what will make you know what the Night of Power ( Night of Qadr) is ? The Night of Power is better than a thousand Months. Therein the angels and the Spirit ( Jibraeel) come down on the earth by Allah's permission, with all decrees : (All that Night )there is Peace until the appearance of dawn.



Surah No. 44 , Ad Dukhan , Ayats No.2 to 4

o وَالْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ

o إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ

o فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ

Translation :



By this Book ,which makes things clear , We sent it down ( this Quran) during a blessed night ( in the night of Qadr): In fact ! We wish to warn (the mankind ). In this night all affair of wisdom are made crear .

Hadis :

Volume 3, Book 32, Number 237: Sahi Bukhari Sharif

1.   Narrated 'Aisha:
Allah's Apostle used to practice Etekaf in the last ten nights of Ramadan and used to say, "Look for the Night of Qadr in the last ten nights of the month of Ramzan ,"

Volume 3, Book 32, Number 234: Sahi Bukhari Sharif
2.  Narrated 'Aisha:
Allah's Apostle said, "Search for the Night of Qadr in the odd nights of the last ten days of Ramadan."

Comments :

This is one of the holiest and most blessed nights . During this night, the angels and the spirit [Jibraeel (as)] descends in the proximity of the Earth. This night is full of reward and blessing and is equivalent to a thousand months of worship. Anyone who takes part in Laylatul Qadr will have worshipped an equivalent to eighty three years and four months ( 1000 months). In this night the Holy Quran was sent down from LAOH-E-MEHFOOZ (the Preserved Tablet) to the EARTH .

Laylat al-Qadr is to be found in the last 10 nights of Ramadan. There is no history in the Quran as to when the specific date is ? HOWEVER :

The Messenger of Allah (saws) told us to search for Shab-e-Qadr in the odd numbered nights, in the last ten days of Ramzan. So, the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th or 29th night of Ramadan could be Shab-e-Qadr.

Hazrat Aisha (ra) stated that the Prophet Mohammad (saws) used to do Ibadat in the last Ashra (ten days) of Ramadan (Ramzan)," (Muslim)

If a person wants to obey his Lord, increase the good deeds in his record and have all past sins forgiven, they should take part in Laylatul Qadr.

“Whoever stays up (in prayer and remembrance of Allah) on the Night of Qadr fully believing (in Allah’s promise of reward for that night) and hoping to seek reward (from Allah alone and not from people), he shall be forgiven for his past sins.” Sahih Hadith Bukhari / Muslim

How to worship in this Night :

Here are a few suggestions to worship in Laylatul Qadr :

  • One must prepare himself mentally that he will be worshipping in Laylatul Qadr.

  • Recite salat-e-Tarawih and thereafter, while performing Nafil salats take regular breaks to avoid getting over-exhausted.

  • Try switching between different forms of worship .

  • Recitation of the Qur'an must be continued .

  • Remembrance of Allah (Zikr) will be another form of worship to be performed .

  • Social gatherings and meaningless talk should be avoided .



May Allah help us to purify our hearts, strengthen our faith and help us to worship in all the required nights of the last Ashra of the holy month.

Some Important Features

According to Darul Uloom Deoband ( India ):
1. During a fast, if a person becomes seriously ill and the doctor advices for immediate treatment ,the person can break the fast and when able ,can complete the count.
2. During a fast , a person can clean the teeth with Miswak but should not clean them with tooth paste and tooth brush .

Fidya (Compensation for Not Fasting)

Eldery, sick and handicapped persons, if they are unable to fast, a compensation must be given by feeding a poor person for every day of fasting not observed. However, the young and healthy individuals, if they are sick or traveling they must make up their fasts.

The price of Fidya for each day of missed fasts is either to feed a poor person two meals in a day, or to give whole wheat, which is enough to feed a poor person twice in a day (1/2 Saa per Hanafi school of thought means 1.75 Kilograms.

The Fidya price for one who has to pay it should be calculated based on the local prices of whole wheat at the place where the person is residing.


What is Sadqah al Fitr


 Sadaqah al-Fitr is a duty which is Waajib on every Muslim, whether male or female, minor or adult as long as he/she has the means to do so. This form of charity is compulsory which is reported by Ibn Umar that the Prophet (saws) made Sadqah al Fitr compulsory on those Muslims who have means to do it. 

It is payable by the head of the family on behalf of each family member under his/her care. It may include a spouse or children who are already able to support themselves and should include elderly parents living with the family. Fitra is the annual compulsory charity that every Muslim pays to ensure that all Muslims are able to enjoy the day of Eid.

How much Sadaqatul Fitr should one give?

A person should give  ½ sa’ of wheat. Now one should know,  how much is ½ Sa’ ?

It is 1.75 Kg. OR its Market value if some one likes to convert into cash. It should be given to the poor Muslims, narrated by Ibn ‘Abbaas (ra), that “The Messenger of Allaah (saws) said that sadqatul fitr, to be paid in Ramadaan and before the Eid Salat to feed the poor. It is not permissible to spend it on building a mosque or other charitable projects. 


FASTING ON THE DAY OF 'ASHURA (10TH OF MOHARRAM)

 Comments :

Fasting on Moharram 10, known as the Day of 'Ashura', expiates for the sins of the past year. When the Prophet (saws) was in Mecca he found that Quraish used to fast on the day of 'Ashura in the pre-Islamic days and the Messenger ot Allah (saws) also observed it.

When the Prophet (saws) arrived in Madinah in 622 CE, he found that the Jews fasted on Moharram 10 and asked them the reason for their fasting on this day. They said," This is a blessed day. On this day Allah saved the Children of Israel from their enemy (in Egypt) and so Prophet Musa [Moses] who fasted on this day giving thanks to Allah." The Prophet (saws) said,  "We are closer to Musa than you are." He fasted on that day and commanded Muslims to fast on this day. The Messenger of Allah (saws) also said: When the next year comes, Insha Allah, we would observe fast on the 9th But the Messenger of Allah (saws) died before the advent of the next year. Since it was a desire of the prophet the followers do observe fast on 9th of Moharram as a sunnah. However, 10th of Moharram remains fasting day of Ashura and 9th of Moharram fast will be an additional fast . I could not find any authentic Hadis for fasting on 11th of Moharram. If someone finds it, then please let me know  along with name of Hadis book, its book number and hadis number etc. at " arifrk43@gmail.com"

The following year, Allah commanded the Muslims to fast the month of Ramadan, and the fasting of 'Ashura' became optional.   

The Prophet (saws) said, "Fasting the day of 'Ashura'  Allah will accept it as an expiation for minor sins committed in the previous year."  But this expiation of minor sins comes only if you avoid major sins. It is a big mistake to rely on fasting a single day to "wipe your minor sins" If you neglect your daily Prayers or the fast of Ramadan, or if you backbite, lie, commit adultery or other major sins, fasting on 'Ashura' alone will not apologise you. The Ahadith (Ahadis) mentioned below support the above views.

Book 006,  Sahih Muslim :

Hadis No. : 2499

Hazrat 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to fast on the day of 'Ashura in the pre-Islamic days and the Messenger ot Allah (may peace be upon him) also observed it. When he migrated to Medina, he himself observed this fast and commanded (others) to observe it. But when fasting during the month of Ramadan was made obligatory he said: He who wishes to observe this fast may do so, and he who wishes to abandon it may do so.

Hadis Number : 2502

'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had ordered to observe fast (on 'Ashura) before the fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory. But when it became obligatory, then he who wished fasted on the day of Ashura, and he who wished did not observe it (on that day).

Hadis Number : 2503

'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to observe fast on the day of Ashura during the pre-Islamic days. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upog him) then commanded to fast on that day till (fasting) in Ramadan became obligatory. Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: He who wished to fast should do so. and he who wished to break it may do so.

Hadis Number : 2504

Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that (the Arabs of) pre-Islamic days used to observe fast on the day of Ashura and the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed it and the Muslims too (observed it) before fasting in Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: 'Ashura is one of the days of Allah, so he who wished should observe fast and he who wished otherwise should abandon it.

Hadis  Number : 2518

Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that when Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) came to Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day of Ashura. They (the Jews) were asked about it and they said: It is the day on which Allah granted victory to Moses and (his people) Bani Isra'il over the Pharaoh and we observe fast out of gratitude to Him. Upon this the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: We have a closer connection with Moses than you have, and he commanded to observe fast on this day.

Hadis  Number : 2528

 Ibn 'Abbas reported that when the Messenger of Allah (saws) fasted on the day of 'Ashura and commanded that it should he observed as a fast, they (his Companions) said to him: Messenger of Allah, it is a day which the Jews and Christians hold in high esteem. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (saws) said: When the next year comes, God willing, we would observe fast on the 9th But the Messenger of Allah (saws) died before the advent of the next year. 

Hadis  Number : 2529

Abdullah b 'Abbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (saws) had said: If I live till the next (year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th, and the narration transmitted by Abu Bakr is:" He meant the day of Ashura." 


Book No.31  Sahaih Bukhari

Hadis No.116

 Narrated Ibn 'Umar: The Prophet observed the fast on the 10th of Muharram ('Ashura), and ordered (Muslims) to fast on that day, but when the fasting of the month of Ramadan was prescribed, the fasting of the 'Ashura' was abandoned. 'Abdullah did not use to fast on that day unless it coincided with his routine fasting by chance. 

Hadis no. 117

Narrated 'Aisha: (The tribe of) Quraish used to fast on the day of Ashura' in the Pre-lslamic period, and then Allah's Apostle ordered (Muslims) to fast on it till the fasting in the month of Ramadan was prescribed; whereupon the Prophet said, "He who wants to fast (on 'Ashura') may fast, and he who does not want to fast may not fast." 


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