Janaza
(Funeral), Salaat-e-Janaza & Burial
Janaza (Funeral)
Rights
of a dead Muslim upon a living Muslims.
This is
a known fact that everyone has to die and leave this world .
A dead
Muslim has four rights over living Muslims. The right to be washed, shrouded,
prayed over, and buried. However Muslims are not obliged to do so for those who
die as apostates (Persons changes his religion)
Steps for Burial
Burial
rituals should normally take place as soon as possible.
·
Bathing
the dead body, except in extraordinary circumstances as in battle of Uhad .
·
Enshrouding
dead body in cloth (Kafan).
·
Funeral
prayer. (Salaat-e-Janaza or Namaze Janaza)
·
Positioning
the deceased in the grave so that the head is faced towards Ka`aba .
·
Burial
of the dead body in a grave.
Bathing or Body-Washing
or "Ghusl"
Washing the deceased's body is obligatory on Muslims; it is a Fard
Kifaya, i.e., if some members take the responsibility of doing it, the need
is fulfilled, but if no one fulfills it then all Muslims will be accountable.
Washing can be carried out in the following way:
1. A man's body should be washed by men and a woman's by women,
but a child's body may be washed by either sex. A husband can wash his wife's
body and vice-versa if the need arises.
2. Three persons are needed for washing the dead body.
3. It is better to choose a person who knows best how to perform
ghusl.
4. Place the body on a high place, e.g., a table or something
similar.
5. Remove the deceased's clothes (garments) leaving the private
parts covered.
6. Press the stomach gently and clean whatever comes out.
7. For washing, use gloves.
8. Only clean water may be used; add some scented oils
(non-alcoholic) in the final wash. It is preferable to use warm water.
9. Perform ablution (wudu) for the body, cleaning the
teeth and nose from outside only.
10. Wash
three times, but if the body is not yet cleaned, continue washing five or seven
times - it must be odd numbers.
Turn the body on its left side and begin washing the right side.
Then turn it on its right side to wash the left side. This is done in each
wash. The first and the second washes are done with water and soap, while the
last one with water and scent.
11. Hair should be washed and combed. For women it may be
braided in three ribbons.
12. Dry the body with a clean cloth or towel.
13. Add some perfume on the head, forehead, nose, hands, knees
and eyes,
Wrapping (Kafan)
1. It must be a clean
piece of cloth (preferably white) to cover the whole body.
2. Add some perfume to the kafan (non-alcoholic).
3. Do not use silk cloth for men.
4. Use three pieces for men and five for women, [but each one
must cover the whole body.]
5. Tie the front and the rear with a piece of cloth (from the
same kafan) in such a way that one can differentiate the head from the
legs.
After washing, a dead body, it
is wrapped in a shroud (kafan) and put in a coffin. This holds true for
everyone except martyrs, who are buried in the clothes in which they were
martyred. The corpse is placed in a way, so that its right side faces the
Qibla. The congregation then stands to pray before corpse (Janaza).
Salaat-e-Janaza or Namaze
Janaza (Funeral prayer)
The Muslims of the community gather to offer their collective
prayers for the forgiveness of the dead. This prayer has been generally termed
as the Namaze Janaza.The prayer is offered in a particular way with extra
(four) Takbirs but there is no Ruku (bowing) and Sijdah (prostrating). It
becomes obligatory for every Muslim adult male to perform the funeral prayer
upon the death of any Muslim, however when it is performed by the few it will
not be obligation for all.
Women also can attend the
prayer
Method of Namaze Janaza
I intend to offer for
Allah, four takbirs of funeral salat, with my praise for Allah and darood for
Rasullah and prayer of this deceased person. I adopt Imam as leader and facing towards Ka`ba..
The Imam also makes the intention (Niyyat) to pray for the
deceased.
1. The prayer begins with first
takbir of Allaho Akbar by Imam, [The Imam must say all the takbeer aloud
whereas the muqtadee (followers) must repeat them silently.
When first takbir is said by
Imam the followers should repeat the takbir silently and lift both the hand up
to the ears, palm facing Qibla and keep the hands under the navel, right hand
on top of left. Then recite sana
with addition of one word :
سُبْحَانَكَ اَّللُهَّم
َوِبحَمْدِكَ وَ تَبَاْرَكَ اسْمُكَ َوتَعَالَئ جَدُّكَ وَجَلَّ َثَناءٌكَ
وَلَااِلَه غَيْرُكَ
Transliteration :
Subhana kalla humma ,wabe
hamdeka ,wata baara kasmoka ,wata aalaa jaddoka, wa jalla sanaoka,wala ilaha
gairoka.
Translation
:
Glory be to You Oh Allah, and praise be to You, and blessed is
Your name, and exalted is Your Majesty, and there is none to be served besides
You.
2. The
Imam Says the second takbir of Allaho Akbar, which is followed by the
followers, this time there is no need to raise the hands and then recite both
the Durood Sharif
اَلَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى ُمحَمَّدِ ُّوعَلَى اَلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا
صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى اِبْرَاهِيْمَ وَعَلَى اَلِ اَِبْرَاهِيْمَ اِنَّكَ
حَمِيْدُ مَجِيِدْ
Transliteration :
Allah humma salle ala
Mohammadiun wa ala aale Mohammadin kama
sallaita ala Ibrahima wa ala aale Ibrahima innaka Hamidum Majeed.
Translation:
O Allah! send grace and honor
on Mohammad and on the family and true followers of Mohammad just as you sent
Grace and Honor on Ibrahim and on the family and his true followers. Surely, you
are praiseworthy, the Great."
اَلَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى
مُحَمّدِ ٌوعَلَى اَلِ مُحَمّدٍ
كَمَابَارَكْتَ عَلَى اِبْرََاهِيْمَ وَعَلَى اَلِ اِبْرَاهِيْمَم
اِنَّكَ حَمِيُد مَّجِيدْ
Transliteration :
Allah humma Barik ala
Mohammadiun wa ala aale Mohammadin kama
baarakta ala Ibrahima wa ala aale Ibrahima innaka Hamidum Majeed.
Tranaslation:
"Oh Allah, send your
blessing on Mohammad and the true followers of Mohammad just as you sent
blessings on Ibrahim and his true followers. Surely you are praiseworthy, the
Great."
3. The Imam Says Allaho Akbar, as the third takbir and is
followed by the followers in the same way as it was done at the time of second
takbir and then recite following dua silently
Transliteration
Allah
hummag fir le hayyena, wa mayyetena, wa shaaedena, wa gaaebena, wa sagheerena,
wa kabirena, wa zakarena, wa unsana, Allah humma man aah yaiytahu, minna fa aah
yehi alal Islam. Waman tawaf faiytahu minna fata waffahu alal Iman.
Translation
:
Oh Allah! Forgive those of us who are alive and those of us who
are dead; those of us who are present and those of us who are absent; those of
us who are young and those of us who are adults; our males and our females.
O`Allah! Whomsoever You keep alive, let him live as a follower of Islam and
whomsoever You cause to die, let him die as a Believer.
4. The
Imam says the takbir of Allaho Akbar, as the fourth takbir, the followers also
repeat the same silently and then salutation on right and then left.
السَّلامُ
عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ
This
ends the Namaze Janaza for adults.
If the
dead person is a minor, the funeral Dua is different for the male and different
for the female:
Upto 3rd
Takbir the Namaz is same , thereafter the dua is different :
Dua for male child is as under :
Transliteration
:
Allahummaj
alho lana faratau waj alho lana ajrau wa zukhrau waj alho lana shafe au wa
Mushaffa an.
Translation
:
Oh!
Allah, make him (this child) for our means of preservation and make him a
source of reward and treasure for us and make him a pleader for us and one
whose pleading is accepted.
Dua for Female child is as under :
Transliteration
:
Allahummaj
alha lana faratau waj alha lana ajrau wa zukhrau waj alha lana shafe au wa
Mushaffa an .
Translation
:
Oh!
Allah, make her (this child) for our means of preservation and make her a
source of reward and treasure for us and make her a pleader for us and one
whose pleading is accepted.
Burial
1. The grave should be deep,
wide and well made.
2. The deceased's body should
be laid on the ground with the face toward the qibla, the direction of the
ka'aba.
3. A stone, or bricks or some
soil should be put under the deceased's head to raise it up.
4. Do not use a pillow or put
anything with the deceased inside the grave.
5. Cover the grave with flat
stone so that it become like a roof for it. Pour three handfuls of soil.
6. Fill the grave with soil. It
is preferable that each one of those present share in this by pouring three
handfuls of soil. Raise the level of the grave a little less than one foot in a
sloping way.